Timothy Bickmore Online Publications

Dissertation:

Bickmore, T.  (2003) "Relational Agents: Effecting Change through Human-Computer Relationships" PhD Thesis, Media Arts & Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
More information on Relational Agents

Journal Articles:

• Bickmore, T., Pfeifer, L. and Yin, L. (to appear) "The Role of Gesture in Document Explanation by Embodied Conversational Agents", International Journal of Semantic Computing.
• Bickmore, T. and Giorgino, T. (2006) “Health Dialog Systems for Patients and Consumers” Journal of Biomedical Informatics, 39(5): 556-571.
• Bickmore, T., Caruso, L., Clough-Gorr, K., and Heeren, T. (2005) “’It’s just like you talk to a friend’ – Relational Agents for Older Adults” Interacting with Computers, 17(6): 711-735.
• Bickmore, T., Gruber, A., and Picard, R. (2005) "Establishing the Computer-Patient Working Alliance in Automated Health Behavior Change Interventions" Patient Education and Counseling, 59(1): 21-30.
• Bickmore, T. and Picard, R. (2005) "Establishing and Maintaining Long-Term Human-Computer Relationships" ACM Transactions on Computer Human Interaction (ToCHI), 59(1): 21-30.
• Bickmore, T. (2004) "Unspoken Rules of Spoken Interaction" Communications of the ACM, 47(4): 38-44.
• Cassell, J. and Bickmore, T. (2003) "Negotiated Collusion: Modeling Social Language and its  Relationship Effects in Intelligent Agents" User  Modeling and  User-Adaptive Interaction 13(1): 89-132.
• Cassell, J. and Bickmore, T. (2001) “External  Manifestations of Trustworthiness in the Interface”, Communications of the ACM 43(12).
• Cassell, J., Bickmore, T., Vilhjalmsson, H., Yan, H. (2001) "More Than Just a Pretty Face: Conversational Protocols and the Affordances of Embodiment."  Knowledge-Based Systems 14, 45-64.

Book Chapters:

• Tim Bickmore, Justine Cassell (in press) "Social  Dialogue with Embodied Conversational Agents" In J. van Kuppevelt, L. Dybkjaer, and N. Bernsen (eds.), Natural, Intelligent and Effective Interaction with Multimodal Dialogue Systems. New York: Kluwer Academic.
• Justine Cassell, Timothy Bickmore, Lee Campbell, Hannes Vilhjálmsson and Hao Yan. "Conversation as a System Framework: Designing Embodied Conversational Agents." Embodied Conversational Agents, Justine Cassell, Scott Prevost, Elizabeth Churchill, Joe Sullivan (editors). MIT Press,  1999.
• Justine Cassell, Hannes Vilhjálmsson, Kenny Chang, Timothy Bickmore, Lee Campbell, and Hao Yan. "Requirements for an Architecture for Embodied Conversational Characters." Computer Animation and Simulation '99 (Eurographics Series). Vienna, Austria: Springer Verlag. 1999.

Conference Papers:

• Bickmore, T. and Pfeifer, L., Schulman, D., Perera, S., Senanayake, C. and Nazmi, I. (2008) "Public Displays of Affect: Deploying Relational Agents in Public Spaces" CHI'08 Extended Abstracts.
• Bickmore, T. and Pfeifer, L. (2008) "Relational Agents for Antipsychotic Medication Adherence" CHI'08 workshop on Technology in Mental Health.
• Schulman, D., Sharma, M., and Bickmore, T. (2008) "The Identification of Users by Relational Agents" Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems (AAMAS) '08.
• Bickmore, T., Mauer, D., Crespo, F., Brown, T. (2008) "Negotiating Task Interruptions with Virtual Agents for Health Behavior Change" Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems (AAMAS) '08.
• Bickmore, T., Pfeifer, L., and Paasche-Orlow, M. (2007) “Health Document Explanation by Virtual Agents” Intelligent Virtual Agents '07, Paris.
• Bickmore, T., Mauer, D., and Brown, T. (2007) “Context Awareness in Mobile Relational Agents” Intelligent Virtual Agents '07, Paris.
• Bickmore, T., Mauer, D., Crespo, F., and Brown, T. (2007) “Persuasion, Task Interruption and Health Regimen Adherence” Persuasive Technology '07, Stanford, CA.
• Bickmore, T. (2007) “What Would Jiminy Cricket Do? Lessons From the First Social Wearable” HCI International '07, Beijing, China.
• Bickmore, T. and Schulman, D. (2007) “Practical Approaches to Comforting Users with Relational Agents” ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI), San Jose, CA.
• Bickmore, T. and Sidner, C. L. (2006) “Towards Plan-based Health Behavior Change Counseling Systems” AAAI Spring Symposium on Argumentation for Consumers of Healthcare, Stanford, CA.
• Bickmore, T. and Schulman, D. (2006) “The Comforting Presence of Relational Agents.” Proceedings of CHI 2006.
• Bickmore, T. and Mauer, D. (2006) “Modalities for Building Relationships with Handheld Computer Agents.” Proceedings of CHI 2006.
• Bickmore, T., Caruso, L. and Clough-Gorr, K. (2005) "Acceptance and Usability of a Relational Agent Interface by Urban Older Adults." Proceedings of CHI 2005 Conference.
• Bickmore, T. and Picard, R. (2004). "Towards Caring Machines." Proceedings of CHI 2004 Conference.
• Bickmore, T. and Picard, R. (2003). "Subtle Expressivity by Relational Agents." Proceedings of the CHI 2003 Workshop on Subtle Expressivity for Characters and Robots. April 7th, Fort Lauderdale, FL.
• Bickmore, T. (2002). "When Etiquette Really Matters: Relational Agents and Behavior Change." Proceedings of the AAAI Fall Symposium on Etiquette for Human-Computer Work, November 15-17, Falmouth, MA.
• Timothy Bickmore and Justine Cassell, "Phone vs. Face-to-Face with Virtual Persons." International CLASS Workshop on Natural, Intelligent and Effective Interaction in Multimodal Dialogue Systems, (to appear).
• Bickmore, T. (2002) "Social Dialogue is Serious Business." CHI 2002 Workshop on Socially Adept Technologies.
• Bickmore, T. (2002) "Towards the Design of Multimodal Interfaces for Handheld Conversational Characters." CHI 2002 Conference.
• Justine Cassell, Yukiko Nakano, Timothy Bickmore, Candace Sidner, Charles Rich. "Non-verbal cues for discourse structure." Association for Computational Linguistics Joint EACL - ACL Conference, 2001.
• Justine Cassell, Hannes Vilhjálmsson and Timothy Bickmore. "BEAT: the Behavior Expression Animation Toolkit." SIGGRAPH 2001 Conference.
• Justine Cassell, Yukiko Nakano, Timothy Bickmore, Candace Sidner, and Charles Rich. "Annotating and Generating Posture from Discourse Structure in Embodied Conversational Agents." Workshop on Representing, Annotating, and Evaluating Non-Verbal and Verbal Communicative Acts  to Achieve Contextual Embodied Agents, Autonomous Agents 2001 Conference, Montreal, Quebec. May 29th, 2001.
• Timothy Bickmore and Justine Cassell. "Relational Agents: A Model and Implementation of Building User Trust". CHI 2001 Conference Proceedings.
• Timothy Bickmore and Justine Cassell. "How about this weather? Social Dialogue with Embodied Conversational Agents." to appear in Proceedings of the AAAI Fall Symposium on Socially Intelligent Agents, 2000.
• Cassell, J., Bickmore, T., Vilhjálmsson, H., and Yan, H. "More Than Just a Pretty Face: Affordances of Embodiment" in Proceedings of 2000 International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces, New Orleans, Louisiana, 2000.
• Cassell, J., Ananny, M., Basu, A., Bickmore, T., Chong, P., Mellis, D., Ryokai, K., Smith, J., Vilhjálmsson, H., Yan, H. "Shared Reality: Physical Collaboration with a Virtual Peer." CHI 2000 Conference Proceedings, The Hague, The Netherlands, 2000.
• Timothy Bickmore and Justine Cassell. "Small Talk and Conversational Storytelling In Embodied Interface Agents," Proceedings of the AAAI Fall Symposium on Narrative Intelligence, 1999.
• Justine Cassell, Timothy Bickmore, Mark Billinghurst, Lee Campbell, Kenny Chang, Hannes Vilhjálmsson, Hao Yan, "Embodiment in Conversational Interfaces: Rea",   in Proceedings of  CHI99, 1999.
• Justine Cassell, Timothy Bickmore, Mark Billinghurst, Lee Campbell, Kenny Chang, Hannes Vilhjálmsson, Hao Yan, "An Architecture for Embodied Conversational Characters",  in Proceedings of the First Workshop on Embodied Conversational Characters, 1998.
• Scott Prevost, Timothy Bickmore and Justine Cassell. "Interactional Competency for Conversational Characters." AAAI Workshop on Representations for Multi-Modal Human-Computer Interaction, 1998.
• Timothy Bickmore, Linda Cook, Elizabeth Churchill, and Joseph Sullivan. "Animated Autonomous Personal Representatives." Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Autonomous Agents (Minneapolis, MN), 1998, pp 8-15.
• Sara Bly, Linda Cook, Timothy Bickmore, Elizabeth Churchill, and Josepth W Sullivan. "The Rise of Personal Web Pages at Work."  CHI 98 Summary, ACM Press, 1998, pp. 313-314.

Press:

• 1/25/08 - Boston Museum of Science - "Relational Agents" [mp3 podcast]
• 1/17/08 - New England Cable News - "Computer Characters Making Friends" [mp4 video]
• 12/14/07 - Mass High Tech - "Good night, nurse! BMC tests virtual RN for discharges"
• 6/8/07 – NurseZone.com – “Virtual Health Coach Encourages Physical Activity, Health Awareness”
• 5/21/07 – Boston Globe - “'Laura' makes digital health coaching personal”
• 4/6/07 – Mass High Tech - “Piloting a virtual health care helper: Partners Healthcare System to run trials of weight-loss coach 'Laura'”
• 3/5/07 – NPR - "Virtual House Calls"
• 12/18/06 - Christian Science Monitor - “What if your laptop knew how you felt?”
• 8/21/06 - Boston Globe - “Health coach gets seniors moving”
• 12/03 – OK/Cancel Cartoon - “Deep in the lab of Tim Bickmore…”
• 12/03 – Wired Magazine –“The Love Machine”