// Copyright 1999
// College of Computer Science
// Northeastern University Boston MA 02115

// This software may be used for educational purposes as long as this copyright
// notice is retained at the top of all files

// Should this software be modified, the words "Modified from Original" must be
// included as a comment below this notice

// All publication rights are retained.  This software or its documentation may
// not be published in any media either in whole or in part.

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

//	Recitation 3:	Using and writing counted loops

//	STUDENT NAME:	¥?¥?¥
//	STUDENT ID:		¥?¥?¥
//	DATE:			¥?¥?¥

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// The standard include files that include traditional C and C++ headers and
// many other Core Tools headers ... see CHeaders.h for additional details

#include "IOTools.h"
#include "Graphics.h"
#include "Random.h"

// Enter project specific include files here as well as classes and functions
// that you choose to define in the main shell rather than in separate files

// prototypes

void Exercise1();
void Exercise2();
void Exercise3();
void Exercise4();
void Exercise5();
void Exercise6();
void Exercise7();
void Exercise8();
void Exercise9();
void Exercise10();
void Exercise11();
void Exercise12();
void Exercise14();

 
// Recitation 3: EXERCISES

// definitions

void Exercise1(){
// Write a program that will print numbers n, n*n, and n * log(n) 
// for the values of n from 1 to 10

	cout << "Print n, n*n, and n*log(n)" << endl;
	
	for (int n = 1; n <= 10; n++){					// count from one to ten
		cout << setw(2) << n <<  setw(5) << n * n ;
		cout << setw(11) << setprecision(8) << n * log(n) << endl;
	};

};

void Exercise2(){
// Write a program that will print the values of n and n! 
// for the values of n from 1 to 8
	
	cout << "Print n and n!" << endl;
	
	int nfac = 1;									// base of the compound product
	for (int n = 1; n <= 8; n++){					// count from one to eight
		nfac = nfac * n;							// multiply the compound product by n
		cout << setw(2) << n <<  setw(8) << nfac << endl;
	};

};

void Exercise3(){
// Write a program that will simulate ten rolls of a die. To do this use RandomLong function. 
// Print the result of each roll
	
	SetRandomSeed();
	cout << "Print ten rolls of a die" << endl;
	
	for (int n = 1; n <= 10; n++){					// count from one to ten
		cout << RandomLong(1, 6) << endl;			// pick a random number between 1 and 6
	};

};

void Exercise4(){
// Write the program that will simulate twenty tosses of a coin 
// and print 0 for heads, 1 for tails

	SetRandomSeed();
	cout << "Toss a coin 20 times: 0 = heads, 1 = tails" << endl;
	
	for (int n = 1; n <= 20; n++){
		cout << RandomLong(0, 1) << endl;
	};
	
};

void Exercise5(){
// Write a program that will count the number of tails in 100 tosses of a coin.

	SetRandomSeed();
	cout << "Count tails in 100 tosses of a coin" << endl;
	
	int count = 0;									// set up a counter
	
	for (int n = 1; n <= 100; n++){					// count from one to twenty
		count += RandomLong(0, 1);					// add one it tail
	};
		
	cout << "There were " << count << " tails in 100 tosses" << endl;


};

void Exercise6(){
// Print one column of a multiplication table.
// User types in the multiplier
// Program prints the first ten multiples of the given multiplier
	
	int mul;							// declare variable for the multiplier
	int result;							// declare variable for the result
	
	// ask for user input; use multiplier 1 if no input given
	mul = RequestInt("Select a multiplier (1 to 9)", 1);
	
	for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++){		// count from one to ten

		result = i * mul;
		
		cout << "  i: " << setw(2) << i;
		cout << "  result: " << setw(4) << result << endl;
					
	}
	// post-mortem
	cout << "End of multiplication table." << endl;
};

void Exercise7(){
// Frame ten circles
// Use random number generator to select the center (between 100 and 200)
// Use random number generator to select the radius (between 10 and 50)
	
	cout << "Frame ten random circles" << endl;
	
	int x;								// declare horizontal coordinate
	int y;								// declare vertical coordinate
	int radius;							// declare variable for radius
	
	ClearDrawing();						// clear the graphics window
	SetForeColor(255, 0, 0);			// set the color to red
	
	for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++){		// count from one to ten
		x = RandomLong(100, 200);		// set value of horizontal coordinate
		y = RandomLong(100, 200);		// set value of vertical coordinate
		radius = RandomLong(10, 90);	// set value of variable for radius

		FrameCircle(x, y, radius);		// frame the circle
		
		cout << "  x: " << x;
		cout << "  y: " << y;
		cout << "  radius: " << radius << endl;
		
			
	}
	// post-mortem
	cout << "Ten circles done." << endl;
};

void Exercise8(){
// Print the price of each purchase for five purchases
// User types in number of items purchased and the price per item
// Program prints the total for each set of items
// For simplicity, all prices are in whole dollars
	
	cout << "Print the price for five purchases" << endl;
	cout << "Each time user enters number of items and the unit price" << endl;
	cout << "Total price of the purchase is not computed" << endl;
	
	int unitPrice;						// declare variable for unit price
	int noItems;						// declare variable for number of items
	int price;							// declare variable for price for the set of items
		
	for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++){		// count from one to five

		noItems = RequestInt("Enter number of items");
		unitPrice = RequestInt("Enter price per item $");
		
		price = noItems * unitPrice;
		cout << "$" << price << endl;
					
	}
	// post-mortem
	cout << "Thank you for shopping with us." << endl;
};

void Exercise9(){
// Modify Exercise 1 so that the user first specifies how many sets of items will be purchased

	cout << "Print the price for purchases" << endl;
	cout << "User first specifies the number of purchases" << endl;
	cout << "Each time user enters number of items and the unit price" << endl;
	cout << "Total price of the purchase is not computed" << endl;
	
	int unitPrice;						// declare variable for unit price
	int noItems;						// declare variable for number of items
	int price;							// declare variable for price for the set of items
	int count;							// specifies how many different sets of items will be priced
	
	count = RequestInt("How many price requests?");
		
	for (int i = 1; i <= count; i++){	// count from one to the value of count

		noItems = RequestInt("Enter number of items");
		unitPrice = RequestInt("Enter price per item $");
		
		price = noItems * unitPrice;
		cout << "$" << price << endl;
					
	}
	// post-mortem
	cout << "Thank you for shopping with us." << endl;
};


void Exercise10(){
// Modify Exercise 4 so that it also computes the total price for the whole purchase
	
	cout << "Print the price for purchases" << endl;
	cout << "User first specifies the number of purchases" << endl;
	cout << "Each time user enters number of items and the unit price" << endl;
	cout << "Total price of the purchase IS computed" << endl;
	
	int unitPrice;						// declare variable for unit price
	int noItems;						// declare variable for number of items
	int price;							// declare variable for price for the set of items
	int count;							// specifies how many different sets of items will be priced
	int totalPrice;						// variable to hold the running sum of purchase
										// and the total price at the end
	
	totalPrice = 0;						// before any purchase is made the total is zero
	
	count = RequestInt("How many price requests?");
		
	for (int i = 1; i <= count; i++){	// count from one to the value of count

		noItems = RequestInt("Enter number of items");
		unitPrice = RequestInt("Enter price per item $");
		
		price = noItems * unitPrice;
		cout << "$" << price << endl;
		
		totalPrice = totalPrice + price;			// add the price of current set of items to the price
					
	}
	// post-mortem
	cout << "The total is $" << totalPrice << endl;
	cout << "Thank you for shopping with us." << endl;
};


void Exercise11(){
// Paint ten circles in a row. All of them have the same size and touch each other.
// User selects the radius of the circles and the location of the first circle

	cout << "There are four variations of this exercise" << endl;
	cout << "The program paints ten circles in a row adjacent to each other" << endl;
	cout << "In each case user selects the location of the first circle" << endl;
	cout << " and the radius of the circles." << endl;
	
	ClearDrawing();
	int x;									// declare horizontal coordinate
	int y;									// declare vertical coordinate
	int radius;								// declare variable for radius

	ClearDrawing();							// clear the graphics window
	SetForeColor(255, 0, 0);				// set the color to red
	
	radius = RequestInt("Radius:");			// select the size of the radius

	cout << "Type in the coordinates of the center of the first circle" << endl;
	x = RequestInt("x:");					// initial horizontal coordinate of the center
	y = RequestInt("y:");					// initial vertical coordinate of the center

	// VERSION I
	// Count by ones and compute the coordinates of the i-th circle relative to the first one
	{
	cout << "Count by ones and compute the coordinates of the i-th circle";
	cout << " relative to the first one" << endl;
	
	for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++){			// count from zero to nine

		// Compute horizontal coordinate of the next circle:
		// Each next circle is 2*radius to the right of the first one
		int xCenter = x + 2 * i * radius;	// current horizontal coordinate of the center
			
		PaintCircle(xCenter, y, radius);	// frame the circle
		
		// Print horizontal coordinate of the center of this circle
		cout << "  x: " << xCenter << endl;

	}
	// post-mortem
	PressReturn("This was VERSION I");
	} // END OF VERSION I

	// VERSION II
	// Count by ones and compute the coordinates of the i-th circle relative to the previous one
	{
	cout << "Count by ones and compute the coordinates of the i-th circle";
	cout << " relative to the previous one" << endl;
	
	SetForeColor(0, 255, 0);				// set the color to blue
	
	radius = RequestInt("Radius:", radius);		// select the size of the radius
	cout << "Type in the coordinates of the center of the first circle" << endl;
	x = RequestInt("x:", x);				// initial horizontal coordinate of the center
	y = RequestInt("y:", y);				// initial vertical coordinate of the center
	
	int xCenter = x;						// horizontal coordinate of circle to paint
											// initialized to the location of the first circle
	
	for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++){			// count from zero to nine

		// First paint the circle
		PaintCircle(xCenter, y, radius);	// frame the circle
		
		// Print horizontal coordinate of the center of this circle
		cout << "  x: " << xCenter << endl;
		
		// Compute the horizontal coordinate of the next cirle:
		// Next circle is 2*radius to the right of the previous one
		xCenter = xCenter + 2 * radius;
		
	}
	// post-mortem
	PressReturn("This was VERSION II");
	} //END OF VERSION II

	// VERSION III
	// Use the horizontal coordinate of the circle as the counting variable
	// Start with xCenter = coordinate of the first circle
	// Increment by 2 * radius
	// Continue as long as the horizontal coordinate is less than 20 * radius off from the first center
	{
	SetForeColor(0, 0, 255);				// set the color to green

	cout << "Use the horizontal coordinate of the circle as the counting variable";

	radius = RequestInt("Radius:", radius);		// select the size of the radius
	cout << "Type in the coordinates of the center of the first circle" << endl;
	x = RequestInt("x:", x);				// initial horizontal coordinate of the center
	y = RequestInt("y:", y);				// initial vertical coordinate of the center

	
	for (int xCenter = x; xCenter < x + 20 * radius; xCenter = xCenter + 2 * radius){		

		PaintCircle(xCenter, y, radius);	// frame the circle
		
		// Print horizontal coordinate of the center of this circle
		cout << "  x: " << xCenter << endl;
		
	}
	// post-mortem
	PressReturn("This was VERSION III");
	} // END OF VERSION III
};

void PartA() {
// (a) Ask the user to type in the low and high end of the interval (in whole degrees) 
//     and the increment. 
//     For example, you may want to plot the values of sin(x) from 30 to 90 degrees 
//     in  20 degree intervals.

	cout << "Ask the user to type in the low and high end of the interval, ";
	cout << "and the increment." << endl << endl;

	int low = RequestInt("Type in the lower bound:");
	int high = RequestInt("Type in the upper bound:");
	int delta = RequestInt("Type in the increment:");
	cout << endl;

	// For parameters from 30 to 90 degrees in  20 degree intervals
	// angle will be: 30, 50, 70, 90
	for (int angle = low; angle <= high; angle+= delta){
	
		cout << "sin(" << setw(3) << angle << ") = " ;
		cout<< setw(10) << setprecision(7) << sindeg(angle) << endl;
		
	};
	
	PressReturn("Part (a) completed.");
};

void PartB(){
// (b) Ask the user to type in the low and the high end of the interval (in whole degrees)
//     and the number of values desired.
//     Note, that if the interval is divided into n segments you need to print n+1 values.

	cout << "Ask the user to type in the low and high end of the interval, ";
	cout << "and the number of segments into which the interval should be divided." << endl << endl;

	int low = RequestInt("Type in the lower bound:");
	int high = RequestInt("Type in the upper bound:");
	int num = RequestInt("Type in number of segments:");
	cout << endl;

	// compute the increment delta as a real number
	double delta = (high - low)/ (double) num;

	// double type can be used as counting variable
	// For parameters from 30 to 90 degrees with three segments
	// delta will be 20, and the angle will be: 30, 50, 70, 90
	for (double angle = low; angle <= high; angle+= delta){
	
		cout << "sin(" << setw(3) << angle << ") = " ;
		cout<< setw(10) << setprecision(7) << sindeg(angle) << endl;
		
	};

	PressReturn("Part (b) completed.");
};

void PartC(){
// (c) Ask the user to type in the low end of the interval, the increment, and the number of segments.

	cout << "Ask the user to type in the low end of the interval, ";
	cout << "the increment, and the number of segments." << endl;
	cout << "Increment angle by delta" << endl << endl;

	int low = RequestInt("Type in the lower bound:");
	int delta = RequestInt("Type in the increment:");
	int num = RequestInt("Type in number of segments:");
	cout << endl;

	int high = low + num * delta;

	// For parameters from 30 degrees with four segments and increment delta
	// the angle will be: 30, 50, 70, 90
	for (int angle = low; angle <= high; angle+= delta){
	
		cout << "sin(" << setw(3) << angle << ") = " ;
		cout<< setw(10) << setprecision(7) << sindeg(angle) << endl;
		
	};

	PressReturn("Part (c) completed.");
};

void PartCVariation(){
// (c) Ask the user to type in the low end of the interval, the increment, and the number of segments.
// VARIATION

	cout << "Ask the user to type in the low end of the interval, ";
	cout << "the increment, and the number of segments." << endl;
	cout << "Compute angle from iteration count" << endl << endl;
	cout << endl;

// count the segments and compute the angle each time
	int low = RequestInt("Type in the lower bound:");
	int delta = RequestInt("Type in the increment:");
	int num = RequestInt("Type in number of segments:");

	// For parameters from 30 to 90 degrees with four segments
	// delta will be 20, and the angle will be: 30, 50, 70, 90
	for (int i = 0; i <= num; i++){						// num values for num segments
		int angle = low + i * delta;
		
		cout << "sin(" << setw(3) << angle << ") = " ;
		cout<< setw(10) << setprecision(7) << sindeg(angle) << endl;
	};

	PressReturn("Variation of Part (c) completed.");
};

void Exercise12(){
// Print the values of the function sin(x)

cout << "Print the values of the function sin(x)" << endl;
	PartA();
	PartB();
	PartC();
	PartCVariation();

};


void Exercise14(){							
// THIS IS A VARIATION OF EXERCISE 14!!!

// Write a program that will request one number between 1 and 9 from the user 
// and will print the following pattern of stars 
// (user input determines the number of rows and the number of stars in the first row).

//	*
//	* * 
//	* * *
//	* * * *
//	* * * * *

	int n = RequestInt("Select a number between 1 and 9:  ");	// user input
	
	for (int row = 1; row <= n; row++){					// count rows
		for (int col = 1; col <= row; col++){			// r stars in row r
			cout << "* ";
		};
		cout << endl;
	};

};


int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {

	// Use the following line if you choose NOT to open any graphics windows
	// InitializeConsole();

	// Build graphics window 0
	GraphicsWindow GW0(300, 300);

	// Move the console below graphics window 0
	ConsolePlaceBelow(0);

	// Give the console the focus for user interaction
	MakeConsoleForeground();

//////////

	// Enter the main program here
	int i = 1;
	
	while (Confirm("Another exercise?", true)){		// loop to run another exercise
		i = RequestInt("Exercise number: ", i);		// determine which exercise to run
													// the default moves you to the next one
		cout << endl << "Exercise " << i << endl;	// notify user of the accepted selection
		switch (i){									// un the appropriate exercise
			case 1: {
					Exercise1();
					break;
					}
			case 2: {
					Exercise2();
					break;
					}
			case 3: {
					Exercise3();
					break;
					}
			case 4: {
					Exercise4();
					break;
					}
			case 5: {
					Exercise5();
					break;
					}
			case 6: {
					Exercise6();
					break;
					}
			case 7: {
					Exercise7();
					break;
					}
			case 8: {
					Exercise8();
					break;
					}
			case 9: {
					Exercise9();
					break;
					}
			case 10: {
					Exercise10();
					break;
					}
			case 11: {
					Exercise11();
					break;
					}
			case 12: {
					Exercise12();
					break;
					}
			case 14: {
					Exercise14();
					break;
					}
			default:
					Exercise1();
		
		};
		i = (i+1);									// next time, continue with the next exercise
		if (i > 14)									// we only have 10 exercises - cycle through again
			i = 1;
		cout << endl;

	}
	
//////////

	// The lines below make sure that the graphics windows remain open just
	// before the program terminates

	PressReturn("\nThe main program is about to terminate\n");

	return 0;
}