// Copyright 1999
// College of Computer Science
// Northeastern University Boston MA 02115

// This software may be used for educational purposes as long as this copyright
// notice is retained at the top of all files

// Should this software be modified, the words "Modified from Original" must be
// included as a comment below this notice

// All publication rights are retained.  This software or its documentation may
// not be published in any media either in whole or in part.

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

//	Exercises 1:	Using int, string, reading and writing standard input
//	Goals:			First introduction to programming

//	STUDENT NAME:	¥?¥?¥
//	STUDENT ID:		¥?¥?¥
//	DATE:			¥?¥?¥

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// The standard include files that include traditional C and C++ headers and
// many other Core Tools headers ... see CHeaders.h for additional details

#include "IOTools.h"
#include "Graphics.h"
#include "RGBNames.h"
#include "Random.h"

// Enter project specific include files here as well as classes and functions
// that you choose to define in the main shell rather than in separate files

// prototypes

void Exercise1();
void Exercise2();
void Exercise3();
void Exercise4();
void Exercise5();
void Exercise6();
void Exercise7();
void Exercise8();
void Exercise9();
void Exercise10();


// definitions
void Exercise1(){
// Ask user to type in two numbers 
// Print the product
// Use raw read pattern
	
	// code starts here
	cout << "We will compute the product of two numbers." << endl;

	int n;								// declare integer variable n for the 1st number
	cout << "Type in a number: ";		// prompt the user to type in a number
	cin >> n;							// record the typed number as n
	
	int m;								// declare integer variable m for the 2nd number
	cout << "Type in a number: ";		// prompt the user to type in a number
	cin >> m;							// record the typed number as m
	
	cout << "The product is " << n * m << endl;		// print the product
	
	// code ends here
	cin.ignore();	
};

void Exercise2(){
// Ask user to type in her name and her home town
// Print 'Name from Town'
// Use raw read pattern.
	
	// code starts here
	cout << "Test input of name and home town using cin." << endl;

	string name;						// declare string object name for person's name
	cout << "Type in your name: ";		// prompt the user to type in her name
	cin >> name;						// record the input as name
	
	string town;						// declare string object town for the home town
	cout << "Type in your home town: ";	// prompt the user to type in her home town
	cin >> town;						// record the input as town
	
	cout << name << " from " << town << endl;	// print 'Myname from Mytown'
	
	// code ends here
};

void Exercise3(){
// Ask the user to type in the length in feet and inches
// Print the length in inches

	// code starts here
	cout << "Convert feet and inches into total inches." << endl;
	cout << "Uses Verified Read / IOTools." << endl;

	int feet;										// variable feet to store number of feet
	feet = RequestInt("How many feet?");			// initialize feet from user input
	
	int inches = RequestInt("How many inches?");	// declare and initialize inches from user input
	
	int total = feet * 12 + inches;					// store the product in variable total
	cout << "Length in inches is " << total << endl;	// print the result
	
	// code ends here
	
};

void Exercise4(){
// Ask the user to type in his name and his home town
// Print 'Name from Town'
// Note: Here you can use names with two or more words

	// code starts here
	cout << "Test input of name and town using Verified Read." << endl;

	string name;									// declare string object name for person's name 
	RequestString("Type in your name:", name);		// prompt the user to type in her name
													// record the input as name
	
	string town;									// declare string object town for the home town
	RequestString("Type in your home town:", town);	// prompt the user to type in her home town
													// record the input as town
	
	cout << name << " from " << town << endl;		// print 'Myname from Mytown'
	
	// code ends here

};

void Exercise5(){
// Ask the user to type in name and age
// Print 'Name is xx years old'

	// code starts here
	cout << "Input name and age, print a message." << endl;

	string name;									// declare string object name for person's name
	RequestString("Type in person's name:", name);	// prompt the user to type in a person's name
													// record the input as name
	
	int age = RequestInt("Type in this person's age:");	// declare integer variable for person's age
														// prompt the user to type the age
														// record the input as age
	
	cout << name << " is " << age << " years old." << endl;	// print the desired sentence
	
	// code ends here

};

void Exercise6(){
// Read in how many quarters, dimes, nickles, and pennies are there in a pile
// Print how much money is there in dollars and cents

	// code starts here
	cout << "Program to compute the total worth of coins." << endl;

	int quarters = RequestInt("Count the quarters:");	// declare and initialize number of quarters
	int dimes    = RequestInt("Count the dimes:");		// declare and initialize number of dimes
	int nickels  = RequestInt("Count the nickels:");	// declare and initialize number of nickels
	int pennies  = RequestInt("Count the pennies:");	// declare and initialize number of pennies
	
	int total = 25 * quarters + 10 * dimes + 5 * nickels + pennies; // compute total amount in cents
	
	int dollars = total / 100;							// compute and save number of whole dollars
	int cents = total % 100;							// compute the remaining change in cents
	
	cout << "There is $" << dollars << "." << cents << " in the pile." << endl; // print the result
	
	// code ends here


};

void Exercise7(){
// You plan to visit a friend in another town
// You know the distance in miles
// Figure out how long will you have to drive at a given speed to get there

	// code starts here
	cout << "Compute the duration of a trip, given distance in miles" << endl;
	cout << "and speed in miles per hour." << endl;

	double distance = RequestDouble("How far are you traveling?");				// distance traveled
	int speed = RequestInt("What do you think will be your average speed?");	// average speed
	
	double timeInHours = distance/speed;				// time needed in hours 
														// and fractions of hours
	int hours = timeInHours;							// whole hours needed
	int minutes = (distance - hours * speed)/speed*60;	// compute the remaining time
														// and convert to minutes
													// *** observe left to right rule of arithmetic
	
	cout << "You will travel for " << hours << " hours and " << minutes << " minutes." << endl;
		
	// code ends here

};

void Exercise8(){
// Your hike description gives you the starting and ending elevation (in feet)
// and the length of the hike (one way) in miles
// Print how many feet did you climb for each mile of the hike

	// code starts here
	cout << "Compute average rate of climb on a hike, " << endl;
	cout << "given the starting and eneding elevation in feet " << endl;
	cout << "and the length of the hike in miles (including fractions of a mile)." << endl;

	// next three lines are self-explanatory through choice of names and prompts
	int start     = RequestInt("Starting elevation (in feet):");
	int finish    = RequestInt("Final elevation (in feet):");
	double length = RequestDouble("Length of the hike (in miles):");
	
	int rise = finish - start;				// compute the height of the climb
	double rate = rise / length;			// compute the rate of climb
	
	cout << "On average, you will climb " << rate << " feet per mile." << endl;
	
	// code ends here

};

void Exercise9(){
// You are going to compute your gross pay for the past week
// Hours over 40 are paid at 1.5 times the regular hourly rate
//
// Note: This program uses a built-in function m = max(a, b); 
// This function assigns to the variable m the value of the larger 
// of the two quantities a or b

	// code starts here
	cout << "Computes pay, given hours and minutes worked and the hourly pay rate." << endl;
	cout << "Overtime over 40 hours is paid at 1.5 times hourly rate." << endl;

	// next three lines are self-explanatory through choice of names and prompts
	int hours = RequestInt("How many hours did you work?");
	int minutes = RequestInt("and how many more minutes?");
	double rate = RequestDouble("Enter your hourly wage:");
	
	int totalMinutes = hours * 60 + minutes;
	
	// compute the overtime
	// if totalMinutes - 40 hours * 60 minutes is >0, this is the overtime
	// if totalMinutes - 40 hours * 60 minutes is <=0, there is no overtime
	int overTime = max (0, totalMinutes - 40 * 60);
	
	// multiply by 100 to get pay in cents
	// divide by 60 because rate is hourly and time is in minutes
	int payInCents = 100 * (rate * totalMinutes + 0.5 * rate * overTime) / 60;
	
	// compute whole dollars and the remaining cents
	int dollars = payInCents / 100;
	int cents = payInCents % 100;
	
	// rpint the result
	cout << "You earning are $" << dollars << "." << cents << " ." << endl;
	
	
	// code ends here


};

void Exercise10(){
// Type in the race result as minutes and seconds
// Type in the race distance in miles (with decimals)
// Print average speed per mile

	// code starts here
	cout << "Computes average time to run a mile in a race, " << endl;
	cout << "given the race distance in miles (with decimals) " << endl;
	cout << "and the finish time in minutes and seconds." << endl;

	int minutes = RequestInt("Minutes:");
	int seconds = RequestInt("Seconds:");
	double miles = RequestDouble("Race length in miles:");
	
	int timeInSeconds = minutes * 60 + seconds;
	double rate = timeInSeconds/miles;				// compute the rate in seconds per mile
	
	int rateInMinutes = rate/60;					// convert to record whole minutes
	int rateInSeconds = rate - rateInMinutes*60;	// and the remaining seconds
	
	cout << "You ran the race at the rate of " << rateInMinutes << ":";
	cout << rateInSeconds << " per mile." << endl;
	
	// code ends here

};


int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {

	// Use the following line if you choose NOT to open any graphics windows
	InitializeConsole();

	// Build graphics window 0
	// GraphicsWindow GW0(300, 300);

	// Move the console below graphics window 0
	// ConsolePlaceBelow(0);

	// Give the console the focus for user interaction
	// MakeConsoleForeground();

//////////

	// Enter the main program here

	int i = 1;
	
	while (Confirm("Another exercise?", true)){		// loop to run another exercise
		i = RequestInt("Exercise number: ", i);		// determine which exercise to run
													// the default moves you to the next one
		cout << endl << "Exercise " << i << endl;	// notify user of the accepted selection
		switch (i){									// un the appropriate exercise
			case 1: {
					Exercise1();
					break;
					}
			case 2: {
					Exercise2();
					break;
					}
			case 3: {
					Exercise3();
					break;
					}
			case 4: {
					Exercise4();
					break;
					}
			case 5: {
					Exercise5();
					break;
					}
			case 6: {
					Exercise6();
					break;
					}
			case 7: {
					Exercise7();
					break;
					}
			case 8: {
					Exercise8();
					break;
					}
			case 9: {
					Exercise9();
					break;
					}
			case 10: {
					Exercise10();
					break;
					}
			default:
					Exercise1();
		
		};
		i = (i+1);									// next time, continue with the next exercise
		if (i > 10)									// we only have 10 exercises - cycle through again
			i = 1;
		cout << endl;

	}
	// done
	
//////////

	// The lines below make sure that the graphics windows remain open just
	// before the program terminates

	PressReturn("\nThe main program is about to terminate\n");

	return 0;
}