Hi Mitch: By reading through Daniel Jackson's book chapter on "Object Models and Heap Invariants" I encountered a bunch of papers that talk about navigation in object models. But none talks about specifying the navigation succinctly. navigation-expressions.pdf @inproceedings{791, author = {A. Hamie and J. Howse and S. Kent}, title = {{Navigation Expressions in OO Modelling}}, month = {March}, year = {1998}, pages = {123-137}, keywords = {}, note = {}, url = {http://www.cs.ukc.ac.uk/pubs/1998/791}, booktitle = {Proceedings of FASE98 at ETAPS98}, publisher = {Springer Verlag}, } is the most explicit one but also the chapter by Daniel and the paper by Hoare talk about navigation. We might want to include some of those papers in the related work section if a revision is required. -- Karl