Hi Mira: Here is an improvement of Larman's formulation in 34.5. The same improvement is in my book and was suggested by Walter Huersch. Instead of using 3. An attribute of self. it is good to use: 3. An attribute (computed or stored) of self. The main idea is that conformance to the LoD should not depend on whether an attribute is computed or stored. As a minor note, Craig only mentions the object form of the LoD and does not mention the class form. It is useful to mention the class form to indicate that the LoD can be checked mechanically by a compiler. lec7 in the lecture notes directory for COM 3360 contains a few viewgraphs about the LoD. http://www.ccs.neu.edu/research/demeter/course/f97/lectures/ -- Karl