M(a b c) = !a !b !c a b a c best assignment: 4/5 Jmax Apply full permutation group of 3 elements to M and concatenate all formulas: Sym(M) = M(a b c) identity M(a c b) transpose b c M(c b a) transpose a c M(b a c) transpose a b M(c a b) rotate right M(b c a) rotate right Sym(M) is symmetric. Why has Sym(M) a lower best satisfaction ratio than M. Because for the best assignment Jmax for M: fsat(M,Jmax) >= fsat(Sym(M),Jmax) Proof: for each of the permutations of M, the satisfaction ratio is <= fsat(M,Jmax) Symmetrization (go from M to Sym(M)) lowers or keeps the same the best satisfaction ratio. It stays the same if M is already symmetric.