bias p 000 (1-p)^3 001 (1-p)^2 * p 010 (1-p)^2 * p 011 (1-p) * p^2 100 (1-p)^2 * p 101 (1-p) * p^2 110 (1-p) * p^2 111 p^3 sum them all = 1 (1-p)^3 + 3 * (1-p)^2 * p + 3 * (1-p) * p^2 + p^3 Or3(a,b,c) = a or b or c 1-(1-p)^3 max when p = 1, result 1 OneInThree(a,b,c) 3 * (1-p)^2 * p max when p = 1/3, result 4/9