/* * @(#)Rotator3D.java 1.4 98/12/03 * * Copyright 1993-1998 Sun Microsystems, Inc. 901 San Antonio Road, * Palo Alto, California, 94303, U.S.A. All Rights Reserved. * * This software is the confidential and proprietary information of Sun * Microsystems, Inc. ("Confidential Information"). You shall not * disclose such Confidential Information and shall use it only in * accordance with the terms of the license agreement you entered into * with Sun. * * CopyrightVersion 1.2 * */ import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.*; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import javax.swing.*; /** * The Rotator3D class displays animated multi-colored 3D objects that are * translated, rotated and scaled. Color changes are demonstrated by using a * light source and shading. */ public class Rotator3D extends JApplet implements Runnable { private Objects3D objs[] = new Objects3D[3]; private static final int[][][] polygons = { // Solid cube {{5, 1, 15, 13, 21, 23, 15}, {5, 2, 21, 13, 19, 27, 21}, {5, 3, 23, 15, 17, 25, 23}, {5, 4, 19, 13, 15, 17, 19}, {5, 5, 27, 21, 23, 25, 27}, {5, 6, 27, 19, 17, 25, 27}}, // Polygonal faces cube {{5, 1, 21, 13, 19, 27, 21}, {5, 5, 23, 15, 17, 25, 23}, {4,0,15,14,16,15}, {7,6,16,14,13,12,18,17,16}, {4,0,12,19,18,12}, {4,2,22,21,20,22}, {7,0,24,23,22,20,27,26,24}, {4,2,24,26,25,24}, {4, 3, 15, 13, 23, 15}, {4, 0, 23, 13, 21, 23}, {5, 0, 27, 26, 18, 19, 27}, {5, 4, 25, 17, 18, 26, 25}}, // Octahedron {{4, 3, 18, 21, 16, 18}, {4, 1, 20, 16, 18, 20}, {4, 1, 18, 21, 16, 18}, {4, 3, 20, 17, 19, 20}, {4, 2, 20, 26, 27, 20}, {5, 3, 26, 18, 16, 27, 26}, {5, 0, 17, 24, 25, 19, 17}, {4, 3, 21, 25, 24, 21}, {4, 4, 18, 21, 22, 18}, {4, 2, 22, 21, 17, 22}, {4, 5, 20, 23, 16, 20}, {4, 1, 20, 23, 19, 20}, {4, 6, 21, 23, 16, 21}, {4, 4, 21, 23, 19, 21}, {4, 5, 20, 18, 22, 20}, {4, 6, 20, 22, 17, 20}} }; private static final double[][][] points = { // Points for solid cube & polygonal faces cube {{1, 0, 0}, {-1, 0, 0}, {0, 1, 0}, {0, -1, 0}, {0, 0, 1}, {0, 0, -1}, {1, 0, 0}, {-1, 0, 0}, {0, 1, 0}, {0, -1, 0}, {0, 0, 1}, {0, 0, -1}, {1, 1, 0}, {1, 1, 1}, {0, 1, 1}, {-1, 1, 1}, {-1, 1, 0}, {-1, 1, -1}, {0, 1, -1}, {1, 1, -1}, {1, -1, 0}, {1, -1, 1}, {0, -1, 1}, {-1, -1, 1}, {-1, -1, 0}, {-1, -1, -1}, {0, -1, -1}, {1, -1, -1}}, // Points for octahedron {{0, 0, 1}, {0, 0, -1}, {-0.8165, 0.4714, 0.33333}, {0.8165, -0.4714, -0.33333}, {0.8165, 0.4714, 0.33333}, {-0.8165, -0.4714, -0.33333}, {0, -0.9428, 0.3333}, {0, 0.9428, -0.33333}, {0, 0, 1}, {0, 0, -1}, {-0.8165, 0.4714, 0.33333}, {0.8165, -0.4714, -0.33333}, {0.8165, 0.4714, 0.33333}, {-0.8165, -0.4714, -0.33333}, {0, -0.9428, 0.33333}, {0, 0.9428, -0.33333}, {-1.2247, -0.7071, 1}, {1.2247, 0.7071, -1}, {0, 1.4142, 1}, {0, -1.4142, -1}, {-1.2247, 0.7071, -1}, {1.2247, -0.7071, 1}, {0.61237, 1.06066, 0}, {-0.61237, -1.06066, 0}, {1.2247, 0, 0}, {0.61237, -1.06066, 0}, {-0.61237, 1.06066, 0}, {-1.2247, 0, 0}} }; private static final int[][][] faces = { // Solid cube {{1, 1}, {1, 2}, {1, 3}, {1, 4}, {1, 0}, {1, 5}}, // Polygonal faces cube {{1, 0}, {1, 1}, {3, 2, 3, 4}, {3, 5, 6, 7}, {2,8,9}, {2,10,11}}, // Octahedron {{1, 2}, {1, 3}, {2, 4, 5}, {2, 6, 7}, {2, 8, 9}, {2, 10, 11}, {2, 12, 13}, {2, 14, 15}}, }; private Thread thread; private BufferedImage bimg; public void init() { setBackground(Color.white); } // initializes the 3D objects public void reset(int w, int h) { objs[0] = new Objects3D(polygons[0], points[0], faces[0], w, h); objs[1] = new Objects3D(polygons[1], points[0], faces[1], w, h); objs[2] = new Objects3D(polygons[2], points[1], faces[2], w, h); } public void step(int w, int h) { for (int i = objs.length; i-- > 0; ) { if (objs[i] != null) { objs[i].step(w, h); } } } public void drawDemo(int w, int h, Graphics2D g2) { for (int i = objs.length; i-- > 0; ) { if (objs[i] != null) { objs[i].Draw(g2); } } } public Graphics2D createGraphics2D(int w, int h) { Graphics2D g2 = null; if (bimg == null || bimg.getWidth() != w || bimg.getHeight() != h) { bimg = (BufferedImage) createImage(w, h); reset(w, h); } g2 = bimg.createGraphics(); g2.setBackground(getBackground()); g2.clearRect(0, 0, w, h); g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON); return g2; } public void paint(Graphics g) { Dimension d = getSize(); step(d.width, d.height); Graphics2D g2 = createGraphics2D(d.width, d.height); drawDemo(d.width, d.height, g2); g2.dispose(); g.drawImage(bimg, 0, 0, this); } public void start() { thread = new Thread(this); thread.setPriority(Thread.MIN_PRIORITY); thread.start(); } public synchronized void stop() { thread = null; } public void run() { Thread me = Thread.currentThread(); while (thread == me) { repaint(); try { thread.sleep(10); } catch (InterruptedException e) { break; } } thread = null; } /** * The Objects3D class creates a Solid Cube, Cube and Octahedron with * polygonal faces. */ public class Objects3D { private final int UP = 0; private final int DOWN = 1; private int[][] polygons; private int npoly; private double[][] points; private int npoint; private int[][] faces; private int nface; private int ncolour = 10; private Color[][] colours = new Color[ncolour][7]; private double[] lightvec = {0, 1, 1}; private double Zeye = 10; private double angle; private Matrix3D orient, tmp, tmp2, tmp3; private int scaleDirection; private double scale, scaleAmt; private double ix = 3.0, iy = 3.0; private double[][] rotPts; private int[][] scrPts; private int xx[] = new int[20]; private int yy[] = new int[20]; private double x, y; private int p, j; private int colour; private double bounce, persp; public Objects3D(int[][] polygons, double[][] points, int[][] faces, int w, int h) { this.polygons = polygons; this.points = points; this.faces = faces; npoly = polygons.length; npoint = points.length; nface = faces.length; x = w * Math.random(); y = h * Math.random(); ix = Math.random() > 0.5 ? ix : -ix; iy = Math.random() > 0.5 ? iy : -iy; rotPts = new double[npoint][3]; scrPts = new int[npoint][2]; /* * computes colors to produce shading effect */ for (int i = 0; i < ncolour; i++) { // white colours[i][0]= new Color(255 -(ncolour-1-i)*100/ncolour, 255 -(ncolour-1-i)*100/ncolour,255 -(ncolour-1-i)*100/ncolour); // red colours[i][1]= new Color(255-(ncolour-1-i)*100/ncolour,0,0); // green colours[i][2]= new Color(0,255-(ncolour-1-i)*100/ncolour,0); // blue colours[i][3]= new Color(0,0,255-(ncolour-1-i)*100/ncolour); // yellow colours[i][4]= new Color(255-(ncolour-1-i)*100/ncolour, 255-(ncolour-1-i)*100/ncolour,0); // cyan colours[i][5]= new Color(0, 255-(ncolour-1-i)*100/ncolour, 255-(ncolour-1-i)*100/ncolour); // magenta colours[i][6]= new Color(255-(ncolour-1-i)*100/ncolour, 0, 255-(ncolour-1-i)*100/ncolour); } double len = Math.sqrt(lightvec[0]*lightvec[0] + lightvec[1]*lightvec[1] + lightvec[2]*lightvec[2]); lightvec[0] = lightvec[0]/len; lightvec[1] = lightvec[1]/len; lightvec[2] = lightvec[2]/len; double max = 0; for (int i = 0; i < npoint; i++) { len = Math.sqrt(points[i][0]*points[i][0] + points[i][1]*points[i][1] + points[i][2]*points[i][2]); if (len >max) { max = len; } } for (int i = 0; i < nface; i++) { len = Math.sqrt(points[i][0]*points[i][0] + points[i][1]*points[i][1] + points[i][2]*points[i][2]); points[i][0] = points[i][0]/len; points[i][1] = points[i][1]/len; points[i][2] = points[i][2]/len; } orient = new Matrix3D(); tmp = new Matrix3D(); tmp2 = new Matrix3D(); tmp3 = new Matrix3D(); tmp.Rotation(2,0,Math.PI/50); CalcScrPts((double) w/3,(double) h/3, 0); scale = Math.min(w/3/max/1.2, h/3/max/1.2); scaleAmt = scale; scale *= Math.random() * 1.5; scaleDirection = scaleAmt < scale ? DOWN : UP; } // gets the color based on the current rotation and lightsource private Color getColour(int f,int index) { colour = (int) ((rotPts[f][0]*lightvec[0] + rotPts[f][1]*lightvec[1] + rotPts[f][2]*lightvec[2])*ncolour); if (colour < 0) { colour = 0; } if (colour > ncolour-1) { colour = ncolour-1; } return colours[colour][polygons[faces[f][index]][1]]; } // performs matrix multiplication to generate rotated points private void CalcScrPts(double x, double y, double z) { for (p = 0; p < npoint; p++) { rotPts[p][2] = points[p][0]*orient.M[2][0] + points[p][1]*orient.M[2][1] + points[p][2]*orient.M[2][2]; rotPts[p][0] = points[p][0]*orient.M[0][0] + points[p][1]*orient.M[0][1] + points[p][2]*orient.M[0][2]; rotPts[p][1] = -points[p][0]*orient.M[1][0] - points[p][1]*orient.M[1][1] - points[p][2]*orient.M[1][2]; } for (p = nface; p < npoint; p++) { rotPts[p][2] += z; persp = (Zeye - rotPts[p][2])/(scale*Zeye); scrPts[p][0] = (int)(rotPts[p][0]/persp+x); scrPts[p][1] = (int)(rotPts[p][1]/persp+y); } } // tests if the specified face is showing private boolean faceUp(int f) { return (rotPts[f][0]*rotPts[nface+f][0] + rotPts[f][1]*rotPts[nface+f][1] + rotPts[f][2]*(rotPts[nface+f][2]-Zeye) < 0); } /* * advances the x and y coordinates, scaling factors and * directions and angle of rotation */ public void step(int w, int h) { x += ix; y += iy; if (x > w-scale) { x = w-scale-1; ix = -w/100 - 1; } if (x-scale < 0) { x = 2+scale; ix = w/100 + Math.random()*3; } if (y > h-scale) { y = h-scale-2; iy = -h/100 - 1; } if (y-scale < 0) { y = 2+scale; iy = h/100 + Math.random()*3; } angle += Math.random() * 0.15; tmp3.Rotation(1, 2, angle); tmp2.Rotation(1, 0, angle*Math.sqrt(2)/2); tmp.Rotation(0, 2, angle*Math.PI/4); orient.M = tmp3.Times(tmp2.Times(tmp.M)); bounce = Math.abs(Math.cos(0.5*(angle)))*2-1; if (scale > scaleAmt*1.4) { scaleDirection = DOWN; } if (scale < scaleAmt*0.4) { scaleDirection = UP; } if (scaleDirection == UP) { scale += Math.random(); } if (scaleDirection == DOWN) { scale -= Math.random(); } CalcScrPts(x, y, bounce); } // calls DrawPoly on each of the showing faces of the 3D objects public void Draw(Graphics2D g2) { for (int f = 0;f < nface; f++) { if (faceUp(f)) { for (j = 1;j < faces[f][0]+1; j++) { DrawPoly(g2, faces[f][j], getColour(f,j)); } } } } // draws and fills the faces of the specified polygon private void DrawPoly(Graphics2D g2, int poly, Color colour) { for (int p = 2; p < polygons[poly][0]+2; p++) { xx[p-2] = scrPts[polygons[poly][p]][0]; yy[p-2] = scrPts[polygons[poly][p]][1]; } g2.setColor(colour); g2.fillPolygon(xx,yy,polygons[poly][0]); g2.setColor(Color.black); g2.drawPolygon(xx,yy,polygons[poly][0]); } /** * The Matrix3D class defines a matrix to be used to perform * the rotation. */ public class Matrix3D { public double[][] M = { { 1, 0, 0 }, { 0, 1, 0 }, { 0, 0, 1 } }; private double[][] tmp = new double[3][3]; private int row, col, k; public void Rotation(int i, int j, double angle) { for (row = 0; row < 3; row++) { for (col = 0; col <3; col++) { if (row != col) { M[row][col] = 0.0; } else { M[row][col] = 1.0; } } } M[i][i] = Math.cos(angle); M[j][j] = Math.cos(angle); M[i][j] = Math.sin(angle); M[j][i] = -Math.sin(angle); } public double[][] Times(double[][] N) { for (row = 0; row < 3; row++) { for (col = 0; col < 3; col++) { tmp[row][col] = 0.0; for (k = 0; k < 3; k++) { tmp[row][col] += M[row][k] * N[k][col]; } } } return tmp; } } // End Matrix3D class } // End Objects3D class public static void main(String argv[]) { final Rotator3D demo = new Rotator3D(); demo.init(); Frame f = new Frame("Java 2D(TM) Demo - Rotator3D"); f.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() { public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {System.exit(0);} public void windowDeiconified(WindowEvent e) { demo.start(); } public void windowIconified(WindowEvent e) { demo.stop(); } }); f.add(demo); f.pack(); f.setSize(new Dimension(400,300)); f.show(); demo.start(); } }