Read and follow the directions below carefully. Pay attention to any clarifications I announce or put on the board during the exam.

    Use the blue exam booklet. Do not tear out any pages from it -- cross them out if you must (don't waste time erasing). Please do all your scratch work in the blue book also. Do not do any work on this sheet and do not hand in this sheet. In answering the questions, be sure to include an explanation of how you arrived at your answer -- that's the only way I'll be able to give you any partial credit if the answer is wrong. But don't burn up a lot of your precious time writing long explanations either.
    You will have a blue or red exam. The people on each side of you must have the opposite color from you. This is a closed-book, no calculators exam lasting 65 minutes.

Question 1.
    Write a while statement that involves the following:

• An integer r with initial value 10.
• An integer s with initial value 20.
• An integer constant NC equal to 60.
• A logical expression for the while test that succeeds as long as r is less than NC and s is greater than NC/4.
• A body containing three statements. The first prints out the r and s values, explaining what's being printed, the second statement increases r by 4 and the third reduces s by 1.

Question 2.
    Create a for loop that does the following:

• The integer k is declared before the for statement.
• In the for statement (not the body) k is initialized to 8.
• The for loop test in the for statement is that k must be greater than 1.
• k is decreased by 1 in the for statement at each step.
• The body of the for statement contains two simple output statements that output the strings "I'm a for loop." and "I'll quit eventually".
• Also answer this question: How many times is the pair of output statements printed?

Question 3.
    What is the value of the following logical expression?

   ((true == false) && ("mouse" >= "cat")) || (7 < 40)

Question 4.
    Write three versions of a function demo.

1. The function prototype.
2. The function definition.
3. A call to the function using the real variable r and the number 16. The integer variable aa should be defined and used to receive the returned value.

• demo takes two arguments, a real number and an integer.
• demo returns an integer.
• The body of demo simply returns the integer argument plus 3.

Question 5.
    Describe what each of the following four input statements do, or if any of them do not work, what's wrong with them. Assume k and s are integer variables with initial values 2 and 19, respectively. Assume that the user types in a sequence of one or more pairs of characters, a 4 followed by a blank, as needed, when the cin's require input.

       A: cin >> k;
       B: cin >> 19;
       C: cin >> k >> s;
       D: cin >> k >> k;

Question 6.
    This is a problem about the scope of identifiers. List what the values are at the points in the code marked below as "I" and "II" and explain your reasoning. Note that there may be more than one scope for a single identifier, so more than one value may be involved. If you analyze this problem carefully and methodically, you should not have any problems with this question.

       int m = 7;
       void voidFun(int r)
          {m = r + m; 
          }
       void main ()
          {int m = 10; // point I, what are the values of m?
           voidFun(m); // point II, what are the values of m inside the function voidFun
           		       // and what is the value of r during this call to voidFun?
          }

Question 7.
    Just what is the problem with the following if statement? (Hint: I gave examples like this in the lectures on Monday and Tuesday.)

       int mm = 10;
       if ( mm > 7);
          {
           cout << mm << endl;
          }

Question 8.
    What does the following bit of code produce? Carefully show all blank spaces where they occur using the  symbol. ( This question is not hard, but it is tricky. )

       int kk = 683;
       cout << " kk is: << kk" << endl << kk << "That's all >> kk" << "all done";